Freshers / Beginner level questions & answers
Ques 1. What is Kali Linux?
Kali Linux is a Debian-based Linux distribution designed for digital forensics and penetration testing.
Example:
Kali Linux provides a wide range of tools for ethical hackers and security professionals to assess system vulnerabilities.
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Ques 2. How can you update Kali Linux?
You can update Kali Linux by running 'sudo apt update' followed by 'sudo apt upgrade' in the terminal.
Example:
sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
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Ques 3. What is the default username and password in Kali Linux?
The default username is 'kali' with the password 'kali'.
Example:
Username: kali
Password: kali
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Ques 4. How can you check the IP address in Kali Linux?
You can use the 'ifconfig' command to check the IP address of the network interfaces.
Example:
ifconfig
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Ques 5. What is 'Kali Linux Live' and how is it used?
'Kali Linux Live' is a feature that allows users to run Kali Linux directly from a bootable USB or DVD without installing it on the system.
Example:
Creating a bootable Kali Linux USB drive using 'dd' command.
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Intermediate / 1 to 5 years experienced level questions & answers
Ques 6. Explain the purpose of the 'root' user in Kali Linux.
The 'root' user in Kali Linux has superuser privileges, allowing complete control over the system.
Example:
To run a command as root, use 'sudo' followed by the command.
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Ques 7. How do you install new tools in Kali Linux?
You can use the 'apt' package manager to install new tools. For example, 'sudo apt install tool_name'.
Example:
sudo apt install nmap
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Ques 8. Explain the purpose of 'aircrack-ng' in Kali Linux.
'Aircrack-ng' is a tool used for assessing Wi-Fi network security. It includes packet capturing, password cracking, and more.
Example:
To crack a WEP key: aircrack-ng -b-w
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Ques 9. What is the function of 'Metasploit' in Kali Linux?
'Metasploit' is a penetration testing framework that allows security professionals to find, exploit, and validate vulnerabilities.
Example:
Using 'msfconsole' to access the Metasploit console.
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Ques 10. What is the difference between 'apt-get' and 'apt' in Kali Linux?
'apt' is a newer command-line tool that provides the same functionality as 'apt-get' with additional features and improvements.
Example:
Both 'apt-get update' and 'apt update' update the package lists.
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Ques 11. Explain the purpose of the 'John the Ripper' tool in Kali Linux.
'John the Ripper' is a password cracking tool used to perform dictionary attacks and brute-force attacks on password hashes.
Example:
Using 'john' to crack a password hash: john --format=md5 --wordlist=passwords.txt hashfile
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Ques 12. What is the purpose of the 'Wireshark' tool in Kali Linux?
'Wireshark' is a network protocol analyzer used for troubleshooting, analysis, and development of communication protocols.
Example:
Capturing packets on a network interface using 'Wireshark'.
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Ques 13. How can you perform a network scan using 'Nmap' in Kali Linux?
To perform a network scan, use the 'nmap' command followed by the target IP or range of IPs.
Example:
nmap 192.168.1.1
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Ques 14. What is the purpose of the 'Netcat' tool in Kali Linux?
'Netcat' is a versatile networking tool used for reading and writing data across network connections, making it useful for port scanning and file transfers.
Example:
Setting up a simple listener using 'Netcat': nc -lvp 4444
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Ques 15. Explain the purpose of 'Snort' in Kali Linux.
'Snort' is an open-source intrusion detection system (IDS) that analyzes network traffic for suspicious activity and alerts administrators.
Example:
Configuring 'Snort' rules to detect specific types of attacks.
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Ques 16. How do you perform a wireless network reconnaissance using 'Wifite' in Kali Linux?
Wifite is a tool for automated wireless auditing that performs various attacks, including capturing handshakes and launching deauthentication attacks.
Example:
Running 'Wifite' to automatically audit nearby wireless networks.
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Ques 17. Explain the purpose of the 'tcpdump' command in Kali Linux.
'tcpdump' is a command-line packet analyzer that captures and displays network traffic for analysis or debugging purposes.
Example:
Capturing packets on interface eth0 with 'tcpdump'.
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Ques 18. What is the role of 'iptables' in Kali Linux?
'iptables' is a user-space utility that allows a system administrator to configure IP packet filter rules to control network traffic.
Example:
Creating a rule to allow incoming traffic on port 22: iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
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Ques 19. Explain the purpose of 'GPG' (GNU Privacy Guard) in Kali Linux.
'GPG' is a cryptographic software tool used for secure communication and data integrity verification through the use of public and private keys.
Example:
Encrypting a file with 'GPG': gpg --output encrypted_file.gpg --encrypt --recipient recipient_key file_to_encrypt
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Experienced / Expert level questions & answers
Ques 20. Explain the purpose of 'Burp Suite' in Kali Linux.
'Burp Suite' is a web application security testing tool used for scanning, crawling, and analyzing web applications.
Example:
Using 'Burp Suite' to intercept and modify HTTP requests.
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Ques 21. Explain the purpose of 'Hydra' in Kali Linux.
'Hydra' is a password cracking tool that supports various protocols, including SSH, FTP, and HTTP.
Example:
Using 'Hydra' to perform an SSH brute-force attack: hydra -l username -P password.txt ssh://target
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Ques 22. What is the significance of the 'Maltego' tool in Kali Linux?
'Maltego' is a data mining tool used for information gathering and link analysis in online investigations.
Example:
Using 'Maltego' to visualize relationships between different entities.
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Ques 23. Explain the purpose of the 'Aircrack-ng' suite.
'Aircrack-ng' is a set of tools used for the penetration testing of wireless networks, including WEP and WPA/WPA2 security assessments.
Example:
Cracking a WPA2 passphrase using 'Aircrack-ng'.
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Ques 24. How do you use 'sqlmap' in Kali Linux for SQL injection testing?
You can use 'sqlmap' by providing the target URL and parameters susceptible to SQL injection.
Example:
sqlmap -u 'http://example.com/index.php?id=1' --dbs
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Ques 25. How do you use the 'Veil-Evasion' framework in Kali Linux?
Veil-Evasion is a tool for generating undetectable payload executables for bypassing antivirus solutions in penetration testing.
Example:
Generating a payload with 'Veil-Evasion': veil-evasion --payload=python/meterpreter/rev_https --overwrite --out=/root/Desktop/veil_payload
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Ques 26. What is the purpose of the 'Hashcat' tool in Kali Linux?
'Hashcat' is a password recovery tool used for advanced password cracking, supporting various hashing algorithms and attack modes.
Example:
Cracking a SHA-256 hashed password with 'Hashcat'.
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Ques 27. Explain the purpose of 'BeEF' (Browser Exploitation Framework) in Kali Linux.
'BeEF' is a penetration testing tool that focuses on the exploitation of web browsers, allowing the tester to assess client-side vulnerabilities.
Example:
Demonstrating a browser-based attack using 'BeEF'.
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Ques 28. How do you use 'Ettercap' in Kali Linux for network sniffing and man-in-the-middle attacks?
'Ettercap' is a comprehensive suite for man-in-the-middle attacks, enabling the interception and modification of network traffic.
Example:
Launching an ARP poisoning attack with 'Ettercap'.
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Ques 29. How do you use 'John the Ripper' to crack Unix passwords?
Using 'John the Ripper' to crack Unix passwords involves providing the password hashes from the '/etc/shadow' file.
Example:
Cracking Unix password hashes: unshadow /etc/passwd /etc/shadow > passwordfile.txt
john passwordfile.txt
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